Reactivation and deformation mechanism of ancient landslides by excavation
HUANG Xiao-hu1,2, YI Wu1,2, GONG Chao3, HUANG Hai-feng1,2, YU Qing4
1. Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hubei Province, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; 2. National Field Observation and Research Station of Landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; 3. Ningxia Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750000, China; 4. Yunnan Coalfield Geology Bureau, Kunming 650034, China
Abstract：The Dalixi ancient landslide in Xingshan County in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is taken as an example. Based on the analysis of its characteristics, the deformation characteristics and temporal-spatial laws of surface cracks of the ancient landside in the process of landslide revival are analyzed by use of geological survey, site inspection for nearly one year, artificial GPS displacement monitoring data and automatic monitoring data. Based on the Geo-Studio simulation, the influences of excavation and rainfall on the revival deformation of the ancient landslide and the primary and secondary relationships are determined. The results show that: (1) The Dalixi landslide is a middle-steep consequent ancient rock landslide with soft layer in geological history period. (2) The deformation of Dalixi landslide is closely related to excavation. In the early stage, it concentrates near the leading edge Q3 of the first excavation area, and gradually appears along the excavation direction at the leading edge Q4 and Q5, and finally evolves into the secondary landslides near the leading edge Q5. At the same time, the vertical deformation gradually advances to the middle and rear, showing the characteristics of progressive retrogression. (3) The excavation is the inducing factor for the revival of landslide deformation, and the rainfall is the stimulating factor. Both of them work together to promote the sustainable development of landslide deformation
黄晓虎, 易武, 龚超, 黄海峰, 余庆. 开挖致使古滑坡复活变形机理研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2020, 42(7): 1276-1285.
HUANG Xiao-hu, YI Wu, GONG Chao, HUANG Hai-feng, YU Qing. Reactivation and deformation mechanism of ancient landslides by excavation. Chinese J. Geot. Eng., 2020, 42(7): 1276-1285.
[1] CRUDEN D M, VARNES D J.Landslide types and processes, special report, transportation research board[J]. National Academy of Sciences, 1996, 247: 36-75. [2] BURDA J, HARTVICH F, VALENTA J, et al.Climate- induced landslide reactivation at the edge of the Most Basin (Czech Republic): progress towards better landslide prediction[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2013, 13: 361-374. [3] RONCHETTI F, BORGATTI L, CERVI F, et al.The Valoria landslide reactivation in 2005 — 2006 (Northern Apennines, Italy)[J]. Landslides, 2007, 4(2): 189-195. [4] DENG H, WU L Z, HUANG R Q, et al.Formation of the Siwanli ancient landslide in the Dadu River, China[J]. Landslides, 2017, 14(1): 385-394. [5] 吴瑞安, 张永双, 郭长宝, 等. 川西松潘上窑沟古滑坡复活特征及危险性预测研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2018, 40(9): 1659-1667. (WU Rui-an, ZHANG Yong-shuang, GUO Chang-bao.Reactivation characteristics and hazard prediction of Shangyaogou ancient landslide in Songpan County of Sichuan Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 40(9): 1659-1667. (in Chinese)) [6] 郭健, 许模, 赵勇, 等. 黑水河库区某古滑坡形成及复活机制[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 40(6): 721-728. (GUO Jian, XU Mo, ZHAO Yong, et al.Formation and reactivation mechanism of an ancient landslide in Heishui reservoir of Minjiang River, China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology, 2013, 40(6): 721-728. (in Chinese)) [7] 李明辉, 李浩然, 王东辉. 大渡河上游亚喀则滑坡复活变形机理及发展趋势分析[J]. 水土保持研究, 2014, 21(1): 305-309. (LI Ming-hui, LI Hao-ran, WANG Dong-hui.The revival mechanism and development tendency of Yakaze landslide in the upper reaches of Dadu River[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014, 21(1): 305-309. (in Chinese)) [8] 付博, 严明, 李波, 等. 岷江某水电站库区#1滑坡复活机制分析[J]. 工程地质学报, 2008, 16(1): 11-16. (FU Bo, YAN Ming, LI Bo, et al.Analysis of revivification mechanism for a landslide on a hydropower station reservoir in Minjiang[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2008, 16(1): 11-16. (in Chinese)) [9] WANG J J, LIANG Y, ZHANG H P, et al.A loess landslide induced by excavation and rainfall[J]. Landslides, 2014, 11(1): 141-152. [10] GU D M, HUANG D, YANG W D, et al.Understanding the triggering mechanism and possible kinematic evolution of a reactivated landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Landslides, 2017, 14(6): 2073-2087. [11] 李明辉, 郑万模, 石胜伟, 等. 丹巴县甲居滑坡复活机制及其稳定性分析[J]. 山地学报, 2008, 26(5): 577-582. (LI Ming-hui, ZHENG Wan-mo, SHI Sheng-wei, et al.The revival mechanism and stability analysis to Jiaju landslide of Danba county in Sichuan province[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2008, 26(5): 577-582. (in Chinese)) [12] 张永双, 郭长宝, 周能娟. 金沙江支流冲江河巨型滑坡及其局部复活机理研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2013, 35(3): 445-453. (ZHANG Yong-shuang, GUO Chang-bao, ZHOU Neng-juan.Characteristics of Chongjianghe landslide at a branch of Jinsha River and its local reactivation mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(3): 445-453. (in Chinese)) [13] 哈秋舲. 三峡工程永久船闸陡高边坡各向异性卸荷岩体力学研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2001, 26(5): 605-610. (HA Qiu-ling.Study on the anisotropic unloading rock mass mechanics for the steep-high rock slope of the three gorges project permanent shiplock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2001, 26(5): 605-610. (in Chinese)) [14] 盛谦. 深挖岩质边坡开挖扰动区与工程岩体力学性状研究[D]. 武汉: 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所, 2002. (SHENG Qian.Excavation Disturbed Zone of Deep Cutting Rock Slopes and Mechanics Behaviour of Engineering Rock Mass[D]. Wuhan: Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2002. (in Chinese)) [15] 黄润秋, 林峰, 陈德基, 等. 岩质高边坡卸荷带形成及其工程性状研究[J]. 工程地质学报, 2001, 9(3): 228-229. (HUANG Run-qiu, LIN Feng, CHEN De-ji, et al.Formation mechanism of unloading fracture zone of high slopes and its engineering behaviors[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2001, 9(3): 228-229. (in Chinese)) [16] 李明, 张嘎, 李焯芬, 等.开挖对边坡变形影响的离心模型试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2011, 33(4): 667-672. (LI Ming, ZHANG Ga, LEE C F, et al.Centrifugal model tests on excavation-induced deformation of slopes[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 33(4): 667-672. (in Chinese)) [17] 许强, 汤明高, 黄润秋. 大型滑坡监测预警与应急处置[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2015. (XU Qiang, TANG Ming-gao, HUANG Run-qiu.Monitoring, Warning and Emergency Treatment of Large Landslide[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2015. (in Chinese))
