Model tests on effect of dislocation reducing measures of stick-slip fault of tunnels
WANG Dao-yuan1, 2, 3, CUI Guang-yao4, YUAN Jin-xiu2, ZHU Yong-quan1, 3, ZHU Zheng-guo1, LI Dong2, WANG Hong-fan2
1. School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China; 2. Department of Civil Engineering, Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College, Shijiazhuang 050091, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering,Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 4. School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
摘要 以某隧道工程为依托,开展断裂黏滑错动下隧道减错措施大型模型试验。通过分析纵向应变、接触压力和衬砌安全系数,对无减错措施、仅设置减错层、仅二衬设置减错缝、二衬设置减错缝与影响区段二衬增厚、初支与二衬交错设置减错缝以及组合措施6种工况进行对比研究。结果表明：断裂黏滑错动对上盘的影响范围和剧烈程度均大于下盘;不同工况减错措施对纵向变形、接触压力以及结构受力控制水平分别为A << C≈D≈ B < E < F,A << B < D< C ≈ E ≈ F,A <<D< C ≈ E < B < F;刚柔并济设计理念下“减错缝+增加影响区段二衬厚度”方案不宜采用,铰接设计理念下“减错层+交错设缝”组合措施可有效保障依托隧道黏滑错动后衬砌结构的安全。研究结论对高烈度区交通隧道穿越断裂黏滑段减错技术具有重要的意义。
Abstract：Based on a tunnel project, large-scale model tests are carried out on anti-seismic and damping measures for dislocation of stick-slip fault. By analyzing longitudinal strain, contact pressure and safety factor of linings, the anti-seismic and damping effects are comparatively studied under six kinds of working conditions of A (no dislocation reducing measures), B (dislocation reducing layer), C (dislocation reducing joint for secondary lining), D (dislocation reducing joint and increasing thickness for secondary lining), E (interleaving setting of dislocation reducing joint) and F (combined dislocation reducing measures). The results show that the scope of the impact and intensity of stick-slip dislocation on hanging wall is greater than that on footwall. The control effect of the longitudinal deformation from low to high is A << C≈D≈ B < E < F, that of the contact pressure is A << B < D< C ≈ E ≈ F, and that of the structural stress is A <<D< C ≈ E < B < F. The scheme of condition D under the design concept of being rigid and flexible should not be adopted, and the safety of linings of tunnel after stick-slip can be effectively guaranteed by the combined measures of “dislocation reducing layer and staggered dislocation reducing joint”. The research results may be of important singnificance for the anti-seismic technology in rail communication of lifeline engineering in high intensity earthquake areas.
王道远, 崔光耀, 袁金秀, 朱永全, 朱正国, 李冬, 王洪凡. 断裂黏滑错动下隧道减错措施作用效果模型试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2018, 40(8): 1515-1521.
WANG Dao-yuan, CUI Guang-yao, YUAN Jin-xiu, ZHU Yong-quan, ZHU Zheng-guo, LI Dong, WANG Hong-fan. Model tests on effect of dislocation reducing measures of stick-slip fault of tunnels. Chinese J. Geot. Eng., 2018, 40(8): 1515-1521.
[1] 崔光耀, 王明年, 林国进, 等. 汶川地震区典型公路隧道衬砌震害类型统计分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2011, 22(1): 122-127. (CUI Guang-yao, WANG Ming-nian, LIN Guo-jin, et al.Statistical analysis of earthquake damage types of typical highway tunnel lining structure in Wenchuan seismic disastrous area[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2011, 22(1): 122-127. (in Chinese)) [2] 崔光耀. 隧道洞口浅埋段和断裂黏滑段抗震设计计算方法研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2012. (CUI Guang-yao.The seismic design calculation method and test study of tunnel shallow-buried portal and rupture stick-slipping section[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2012. (in Chinese)) [3] 高波, 王峥峥, 袁松, 等. 汶川地震公路隧道震害启示[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2009, 44(3): 336-374. (GAO Bo, WANG Zheng-zheng, YUAN Song, et al.Lessons learnt from damage of highway tunnels in Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2009, 44(3): 336-374. (in Chinese)) [4] RUSSO M, GERMANI G, AMBERG W.Design and construction of large tunnel through active faults:a recent application[C]// International Conference of Tunneling and Underground Space Use. Istanbul, 2002: 16-18. [5] SHAHIDI A R, VAFAEIAN M.Analysis of longitudinal profile of the tunnels in the active faulted zone and designing the flexible lining(for Koohrang-III tunnel)[J]. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 2005(20): 213-221. [6] 王帅帅, 高波, 隋传毅, 等. 减震层减震原理及跨断层隧道减震技术振动台试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2015, 37(6): 1086-1092. (WANG Shuai-shuai, GAO Bo, SUI Chuan-yi, et al.Mechanism of shock absorption layer and shaking table tests on shaking absorption technology of tunnel across fault[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2015, 37(6): 1086-1092. (in Chinese)) [7] 耿萍. 铁路隧道抗震计算方法研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2011. (GENG Ping.Research on the seismic calculation method of railway tunnel[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011. (in Chinese)) [8] 耿萍, 何悦, 何川, 等. 穿越断层破碎带隧道合理抗震设防长度研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(2): 358-365. (GENG Ping, HE Yue, HE Chuan, et al.Research on realsonable aseismic fortified length for tunnel through fault fracture zone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(2): 358-365. (in Chinese)) [9] 蒋树屏, 文栋良, 郑升. 嘎隆拉隧道洞口段地震响应大型振动台模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(4): 649-656. (JIANG Shu-ping, WEN Dong-liang, ZHENG Sheng.Large-scale shaking table test for seismic response in portal section of galongla tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(4): 649-656. (in Chinese)) [10] 信春雷, 高波,周佳媚, 等. 跨断层隧道抗减震措施性能振动台试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(8): 1414-1422. (XIN Chun-lei, GAO Bo, ZHOU Jia-mei, et al.Shaking table tests on performances of anti-seismic and damping measures for fault-crossing tunnel structures[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(8): 1414-1422. (in Chinese)) [11] 信春雷, 高波, 王英学, 等. 跨断层隧道可变形抗减震措施振动台试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2015, 36(4): 1041-1049. (XIN Chun-lei, GAO Bo, WANG Ying-xue, et al.Shaking table tests on deformable aseismic and damping measures for fault-crossing tunnel structures[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2011, 32(9): 2709-2714. (in Chinese)) [12] 刘学增, 王煦霖, 林亮伦. 60°倾角正断层黏滑错动对山岭隧道影响的试验研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2014, 47(2): 121-128. (LIU Xue-zeng, WANG Xu-lin, LIN Liang-lun.Model experimental study on influence of normal fault with 60°dip angle stick-slip dislocation on mountain tunnel[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2014, 47(2): 121-128. (in Chinese)) [13] 刘学增, 林亮伦. 75°倾角逆断层黏滑错动对公路隧道影响的模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(12): 2523-2530. (LIU Xue-zeng, LIN Liang-lun.Research on model experiment of effect of thrust fault with 75°dip angle stick-slip dislocation on highway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(12): 252-2530. (in Chinese)) [14] 刘学增, 王煦霖, 林亮伦. 75°倾角正断层黏滑错动对公路隧道影响的模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2013, 32(8): 1714-1720. (LIU Xue-zeng, WANG Xu-lin, LIN Liang-lun.Model experiment on effect of normal fault with 75°dip angle stick-slip dislocation on highway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 32(8): 1714-1720. (in Chinese)) [15] 崔光耀, 王明年, 于丽, 等. 穿越黏滑错动断层隧道减震层减震技术模型试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2013, 35(9): 1753-1758. (CUI Guang-yao, WANG Ming-nian, YU Li, et al.Model tests on damping shake technology of shock absorption layer of tunnels crossing stick-slip faults[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(9): 1753-1758. (in Chinese)) [16] 崔光耀, 王明年, 于丽, 等. 断裂黏滑隧道减震缝减震技术模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2013, 32(8): 1603-1609. (CUI Guang-yao, WANG Ming-nian, YU Li, et al.Model tests study of shock absorption joint damping technology of crossing stick-slip fracture tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 32(8): 1603-1609. (in Chinese)) [17] 王道远, 崔光耀, 袁金秀, 等. 强震区隧道施工塌方段震害机理及处治技术研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2018, 40(2): 414-422. (WANG Dao-yuan, CUI Guang-yao, YUAN Jin-xiu, et al.Resarch on seismic damage mechanism and treatment technologies of construction landslide section of the highway tunnel in highly seismic region[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 40(2): 414-422. (in Chinese)) [18] 王道远, 袁金秀, 朱永全, 等. 高烈度区软硬岩交界段隧道震害机制及减震缝减震技术模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(增刊2): 2523-2530. (WANG Dao-yuan, YUAN Jin-xiu, ZHU Yong-quan, et al.Mechanism of seismic damage and mode test on absorption joint damping technology of tunnel across junction of soft and hard rock in highly seismic area[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(S2): 252-2530. (in Chinese)) [19] JTGD70—2004 公路隧道设计规范[S]. 2004. (JTG D70—2004 Code for design of road tunnel[S]. 2004. (in Chinese))
