Relationship between deformation of coal pillars in coal seam with rockburst hazards and protection of surface buildings
ZHANG Ming1, JIANG Fu-xing1, LI Ke-qing1, ZHAI Ming-hua2, MIAO Chuan-kao3, YANG Gen-di3, ZHANG Jun-fei1
1. State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Shandong Energy Group Co., Ltd., Ji'nan 250014, China; 3. Gaozhuang Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang Mining Group, Jining 277605, China
Abstract：It is essential to ensure the long-term stability of surface infrastructures by designing a reasonable protective width (or stopping line) of coal pillars. The design of the irregular downhill protective pillars under a surface diversion canal (part of South-to-North Water Transfer Project) in a mine is regarded as the engineering background. First, the govering principles for deformation of coal pillars under the function of long-term high stress in the coal seam with rockburst hazards are proposed by analyzing the damage modes of surface buildings induced by pillar deformation as follows: (1) No rockburst instability damage occurs in strike coal pillars; (2) No instability damage due to strength decrease over time takes place in strike coal pillars; (3) The deformation of dip coal pillars is uniform so that tensile damage does not take place on surface. Second, an evaluation model for pillar stress is established, and the design method for keeping pillars to be stable and surface buildings to be safe in a long-term period is proposed according to the spatial structure in the overlying strata. Finally, the stresses of coal pillars, stability of surrounding rock and deformation stability of the engineering case are analyzed, and the safety evaluation for diversion canal project and undermine mining design is carried out. The results are of great guiding significance for the width design of protective coal pillars in similar mines.
张明, 姜福兴, 李克庆, 翟明华, 苗传靠, 杨根地, 张俊飞. 冲击煤层煤柱变形与地面建筑物保护关系研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2016, 38(8): 1541-1548.
ZHANG Ming, JIANG Fu-xing, LI Ke-qing, ZHAI Ming-hua, MIAO Chuan-kao, YANG Gen-di, ZHANG Jun-fei. Relationship between deformation of coal pillars in coal seam with rockburst hazards and protection of surface buildings. Chinese J. Geot. Eng., 2016, 38(8): 1541-1548.
[1] 熊传治, 徐大威. 水平煤层群保安煤柱的合理尺寸研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 1990, 15(4): 15-22. (XIONG Chuan-zhi, XU Da-wei. Optimal size of safety coal pillars for a group of horizontal coal seams[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 1990, 15(4): 15-22. (in Chinese)) [2] 刘宝琛, 沈惠群. 留设建筑物保护煤柱最佳尺寸的数学模型及求解[J]. 煤炭学报, 1988, 3(3): 18-25. (LIU Bao-chen, SHEN Hui-qun. The mathematical model and solution for optimization of coal pillar for preventing building[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 1988, 3(3): 18-25. (in Chinese)) [3] 郭广礼. 老采空区上方建筑地基变形机制及其控制[M]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学出版社, 2001. (GUO Guang-li. Build-ingfoundation deformation mechanics and control above old goaf[M]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2001. (in Chinese)) [4] 魏峰远, 陈俊杰, 邹友峰. 垂直剖面法保护煤柱设计的解析模型[J]. 煤炭学报, 2008, 33(3): 256-258. (WEI Feng-yuan, CHEN Jun-jie, ZOU You-feng. Anaiytical model of protective coal pillar design for vertical section method[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2008, 33(3): 256-258. (in Chinese)) [5] 宋义敏, 姜耀东, 马少鹏, 等. 岩石变形破坏全过程的变形场和能量演化研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2012, 33(5): 1352-1356. (SONG Yi-min, JIANG Yao-dong, MA Shao-peng, et al. Evolution of deformation fields and energy in whole process of rock failure[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(5): 1352-1356. (in Chinese)) [6] 史 红, 王存文, 孔令海, 等. “S”型覆岩空间结构煤柱导致冲击失稳的力学机制探讨[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(增刊2): 3508-3513. (SHI Hong, WANG Cun-wen, KONG Ling-hai, et al. Mechanism discussion on rock bursting caused by coal pillar of S-shaped overlying multi-strata spatial structure[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012, 31(S2): 3508-3513. (in Chinese)) [7] 陈绍杰, 周 辉, 郭惟嘉, 等. 条带煤柱长期受力变形特征研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2012, 29(3): 376-380. (CHEN Shao-jie, ZHOU Hui, GUO Wei-jia, et al. Study on long-term stress and deformation characteristics of strip pillar[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2012, 29(3): 376-380. (in Chinese)) [8] 王连国, 缪协兴, 王学知, 等. 条带开采煤柱破坏宽度计算分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2006, 28(6): 767-769. (WANG Lian-guo,MIAO Xie-xing,WANG Xue-zhi,et al. Analysis on damaged width of coal pillar in strip extraction[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 28(6): 767-769. (in Chinese)) [9] 钱鸣高, 缪协兴, 许家林, 等. 岩层控制的关键层理论[M]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学出版社, 2000. (QIAN Ming-gao, MIAO Xie-xing, XU Jia-lin, et al. Key strata theory[M]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2000. (in Chinese)) [10] 姜福兴, XUN Luo, 杨淑华. 采场覆岩空间破裂与采动应力场的微震探测研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2003, 25(1): 23-25. (JIANG Fu-xing, XUN Luo, YANG Shu-hua. Study on microseismic monitoring for spatial structure of overlying strata and mining pressure field in longwall face[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2003, 25(1): 23-25. (in Chinese)) [11] 蒋金泉, 张培鹏, 聂礼生, 等. 高位硬厚岩层破断规律及其动力响应分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(7): 1366-1374. (JIANG Jin-quan, ZHANG Pei-peng, NIE Lis-heng, et al. Fracturing and dynamic response of high and thick stratas of hard rocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(7): 1366-1374. (in Chinese)) [12] 姜福兴, 王存文, 叶根喜, 等. 采煤工作面冲击地压发生的可能性评价方法研究[C]// 2008全国冲击地压研讨会论文集. 徐州: 中国矿业大学出版社, 2008: 91-96. (JIANG Fu-xing,WANG Cun-wen,YE Genxi,et al. Study on possibility evaluation method of coal outburst in longwall face[C]// National Symposium of the 2008 Rock Burst Seminar. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2008: 91-96. (in Chinese)) [13] 蔡美峰, 何满潮, 刘东燕. 岩石力学与工程[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2002. (CAI Mei-feng, HE Man-chao, LIU Dong-yan. Rock mechanics and engineering[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2002. (in Chinese)) [14] 尤明庆．围压对岩石试样强度的影响及离散[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(5): 929-937. (YOU Ming-qing. Effect of confining pressure on strength scattering of rock specimen[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(5): 929-937. (in Chinese)) [15] 陈绍杰, 郭惟嘉, 王亚博, 等. 深部条带煤柱长期稳定性基础实验研究[M]. 北京: 煤炭工业出版社, 2010. (CHEN Shao-jie, GUO Wei-jia, WANG Ya-bo, et al. Basciexper- imental study on long-term stability of deep trip coal pillar[M]. Beijing: China Coal Industry Publishing House, 2010. (in Chinese)) [16] 王存文, 姜福兴, 王 平, 等. 煤柱诱发冲击地压的微震事件分布特征与力学机理[J]. 煤炭学报, 2009, 34(9): 1169-1173. (WANG Cun-wen, JIANG Fu-xing, WANG Ping, et al. Mic-roseismic events distribution characteristics and Mechani-calmechanisms of rock bursting induced by a coal pillar[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2009, 34(9): 1169-1173. (in Chinese)) [17] 王学滨, 潘一山, 宋维源. 岩石试件尺寸效应的塑性剪切应变梯度模型[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2001, 23(6): 711-713. (WANG Xue-bin, PAN Yi-shan, SONG Wei-yuan. The model of plastic shear strain gradient on size effect inuniaxial compression of rock specimen[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2001, 23(6): 711-713. (in Chinese)) [18] 姚邦华, 周海峰, 陈 龙. 重复采动下覆岩裂隙发育规律模拟研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2010, 27(3): 443-447. (YAO Bang-hua, ZHOU Hai-feng, CHEN Long. Numerical simulation about fracture development in overlying rocks under repeated mining[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering, 2010, 27(3): 443-447. (in Chinese)) [19] 魏全德. 巨厚砾岩下特厚煤层冲击地压发生机理及防治研究[D]. 北京: 北京科技大学, 2015. (WEI Quan-de. Mechan -ism and prevention and control of rockburst in extra thick coal seams under super thick conglomerate stratum[D]. Beijing: University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2015. (in Chinese)) [20] 王春秋, 高立群, 陈绍杰, 等. 条带煤柱长期承载能力实测研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2013, 30(6): 779-804. (WANG Chun-qiu, GAO Li-qun, CHEN Shao-jie, et al. Field research on long-term bearing capacity of strip pillar[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2013, 30(6): 779-804. (in Chinese))
