SPH simulations of post-failure flow of landslides using elastic-plastic soil constitutive model
HU Man1, 2, XIE Mo-wen2, WANG Li-wei3
1. College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 3. College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Abstract：Modeling of post-failure flow of landslides is one of the important approaches that can be used to simulate landslide flow development and predict the landslide hazard zone. A Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model based on the constitution of elastic-plastic constitutive mechanics for soil is developed for simulating the behavior of a class of geo-materials. The SPH soil model considers the plastic behavior of the materials, and hence it is very important for more accurate and realistic simulations of geo-materials of soil type. The implemented material laws in the SPH soil code include classical elastic-plasticity with a linear elastic part, and different applicable yield surfaces with non-associated flow rules. In order to apply the SPH method to actual landslide modeling, the geographic information system (GIS) is utilized to generate site-specific models. Thus a C# code is developed to generate the particles of a given landslide site, which produces realistic particle mass and actual complicated boundaries for the SPH soil model. With GIS enabled, complex topography and irregular boundary can be accurately and easily generated. To improve the accuracy of such a complicated landslide simulation, a modified approach is proposed to implement the complex topography representation of landslide mass and the effective treatments of the irregular and complicated boundaries generated from the GIS. The SPH soil code is applied to the well-known Daguangbao landslide triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008. The topographies after failure are compared with those obtained from field collected data, and good agreement is found.
胡嫚, 谢谟文, 王立伟. 基于弹塑性土体本构模型的滑坡运动过程SPH模拟[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2016, 38(1): 58-67.
HU Man, XIE Mo-wen, WANG Li-wei. SPH simulations of post-failure flow of landslides using elastic-plastic soil constitutive model. Chinese J. Geot. Eng., 2016, 38(1): 58-67.
[1] DUNCAN J M. State of the art: limit equilibrium and finite element analysis of slopes[J]. J Geotech Eng, 1996, 122: 577-596. [2] HAMMOURI N A, MALKAWI A I H, YAMIN M M A. Stability analysis of slopes using the finite element method and limiting equilibrium approach[J]. Bull EngGeol Environ, 2008, 67: 471-478. [3] SCAVIA C. A method for the study of crack propagation in rock structures[J]. Géotechnique, 1995, 45(3): 447-463. [4] EBERHARDT E, STEAD D, COGGAN J S. Numerical analysis of initiation and progressive failure in natural rock slopes—the 1991 Randa rockslide[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2004, 41(1): 69-87. [5] MISHRA B K, RAJAMANI R K. The discrete element method for the simulation of ball mills[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 1992, 16(11): 598-604. [6] SHI G H, GOODMAN R E. Discontinuous deformation analysis[C]// 25th US Symp on Rock Mech. Evanston, 1984. [7] BELYTSCHKO T, LU Y Y, GU L. Element‐free Galerkin methods[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 1994, 37(2): 229-256. [8] CHOPARD B, DROZ M. Cellular automata modeling of physical systems[J]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. [9] LIU G R, LIU M B. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: a meshfree particle method[M]. World Scientific, 2003. [10] DOUGALL S, HUNGR O. A model for the analysis of rapid landslide motion across three-dimensional terrain[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2004, 41(6): 1084-1097. [11] PASTOR M, HADDAD B, SORBINO G, et al. A depth‐integrated, coupled SPH model for flow-like landslides and related phenomena[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2009, 33(2): 143-172. [12] HADDAD B, PASTOR M, PALACIOS D, et al. A SPH depth integrated model for Popocatépetl 2001 lahar (Mexico): Sensitivity analysis and runout simulation[J]. Engineering Geology, 2010, 114(3): 312-329. [13] HUANG Y, ZHANG W, XU Q, et al. Run-out analysis of flow-like landslides triggered by the Ms 8.0 2008 Wenchuan earthquake using smoothed particle hydrodynamics[J]. Landslides, 2012, 9(2): 275-283. [14] SAKAI H, MAEDA K. Seepage failure and erosion mechanism of granular material with evolution of air bubbles using SPH[C]// Powders and Grains 2009: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Micromechanics of Granular Media. Colorado, 2009: 1001-1004. [15] BUI H H, FUKAGAWA R, SAKO K, et al. Lagrangian meshfree particles method (SPH) for large deformation and failure flows of geomaterial using elastic-plastic soil constitutive model[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2008, 32(12): 1537-1570. [16] CHEN W F, MIZUNO E. Nonlinear analysis in soil mechanics[M]// Developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1990: 672. [17] MONAGHAN J J. Simulating free surface flows with SPH[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 1994, 110(2): 399-406. [18] LIBERSKY L D, PETSCHEK A G, CARNEY T C, et al. High strain lagrangian hydrodynamics: a three- dimensional SPH code for dynamic material response[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 1993, 109(1): 67-75. [19] MORRIS J P, FOX P J, ZHU Y. Modeling low reynolds number incompressible flows using SPH[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 1997, 136(1): 214-226. [20] LIU M B, SHAO J R, CHANG J. On the treatment of solid boundary in smoothed particle hydrodynamics[J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2012, 55(1): 244-254. [21] MONAGHAN J J. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics[J]. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1992, 30: 543-574. [22] LATTANZIO J C, MONAGHAN J J, PONGRACIC H, et al. Controlling penetration[J]. SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing, 1986, 7(2): 591-598. [23] MONAGHAN J J. On the problem of penetration in particle methods[J]. Journal of Computational physics, 1989, 82(1): 1-15. [24] HUANG R, PEI X, FAN X, et al. The characteristics and failure mechanism of the largest landslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake, May 12, 2008, China[J]. Landslides. 2012, 9(1): 131-142. [25] ZHANG Y, CHEN G, ZHENG L, et al. Numerical analysis of the largest landslide induced by the Wenchuan Earthquake, May 12, 2008 Using DDA[C]// Proceedings of the International Symposium on Earthquake-Induced Landslides, Kiryu, Japan, 2012. 617-626.
