Optimization of picking mine microseismic P-wave arrival time and its application in reducing error of source locating
HU Jing-yun1, LI Shu-lin2
1. Changsha Institute of Mining Research, Changsha 410012, China;#br#
2. School of Architectural and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Abstract：The locating algorithm of multi-channel microseismic monitoring system is generally based on the P-wave arrival time and equal velocity model. The P-wave arrival time directly influences the precision of positioning. However, due to the attenuation of earthquake wave propagation and background noise, some channels are involved in positioning with low SNR, and random picking of P-wave arrival time may lead to great positioning error and affect the actual application effect in mines. The source location method and application of the noise signal filtering procedure based on wavelet theory are introduced. According to the wavelet decomposition, given threshold and reconstruction of signal, the SNR of the original signals is enhanced, and the picking accuracy of the P-wave arrival time is significantly improved. Taking some roof collapse examples in a mine with outsize goaf, re-optimization of picking the P-wave arrivals time in low SNR channels improves the precision of positioning results from 47 ~ 94 m to 14 ~ 23 m, and the actual application effect in mines is greatly improved.
胡静云, 李庶林. 矿震P波到时拾取优化与降低震源定位误差应用研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(10): 1940-1946.
HU Jing-yun, LI Shu-lin. Optimization of picking mine microseismic P-wave arrival time and its application in reducing error of source locating. Chinese J. Geot. Eng., 2014, 36(10): 1940-1946.
[1] 李庶林, 尹贤刚, 郑文达, 等. 凡口铅锌矿多通道微震监测系统及其应用研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(12): 2048-2053. (LI Shu-lin, YIN Xian-gang, ZHENG Wen-da, et al. Research of multi-channel microseismic monitoring system and its application to fankou lead-zinc mine[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(12): 2048-2053. (in Chinese))
[2] 姜福兴, XUN Luo. 微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2002, 24(2): 147-149. (JIANG Fu-xing, XUN Luo. Application of microseismic monitoring technology of strata fracturing in underground coal mine[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2002, 24(2): 147-149. (in Chinese))
[3] EARLE P, SHEARER P M. Characterization of global seismograms using an automatic-picking algorithm[J]. The Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 1994, 84(2): 366-376.
[4] AKI H, HIROAKI Y. Automatic picking of seismic arrivals in strong motion data using an artificial neural network[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2003, 17(5): 201-213.
[5] COLAK O H, DESTICI T C, OZEN S, CEREZCI O, ARY N. P phase and s phase detection using the daubechies wavelet transform(dwt) to minimize the noise at three component seismograms displacement records[C]// 13th European Signal Processing Conference. Paris, 2005.
[6] SLEEMAN R, VANECK T. Robust automatic p-phase picking: an online implementation in the analysis of broadband seismogram recording[J]. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 1999, 113(1/2/3/4): 265-275.
[7] HAFEZ G, KHAN A, KOHDA T. Clear p-wave arrival of weak events and automatic onset determination using wavelet filter banks[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2010, 20(3): 715-723.
[8] HAFEZ ALI G, MOSTAFA RABIE, KOHDA T. Seismic noise study for accurate P-wave arrival detection via MODWT[J]. Computers & Geosciences, 2013, 54(2): 148-159.
[9] 刘希强, 周彦文, 曲均浩, 等. 应用单台垂向记录进行区域地震事件实时检测和直达P波初动自动识别[J]. 地震学报, 2009, 31(3): 260-271. (LIU Xi-qiang, ZHOU Yan-wen, QU Jun-hao, et al. Real-time detection of regional events and automatic P-phase identification from the vertical component of a single station record[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2009, 31(3): 260-271. (in Chinese))
[10] 陈 飞, 赵 永, 刘 阳, 等. 多尺度分析在地震信号处理中的应用[J]. 中国地震, 2004, 20(4): 405-409. (CHEN Fei, ZHAO Yong, LIU Yang, et al. Application of wavelet on seismic signal processing[J]. Earthquake Research in China, 2004, 20(4): 405-409. (in Chinese))
[11] 徐宏斌, 李庶林, 陈际经. 基于小波变换的大尺度岩体结构微震监测信号去噪方法研究[J]. 地震学报, 2012, 34(1): 85-96. (XU Hong-bin, LI Shu-lin, CHEN Ji-jing. A study on method of signal denoising based on wavelet transform for micro-seismicity monitoring in large-scale rockmass structures[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2012, 34(1): 85-96. (in Chinese))
[12] 刘代志, 王仁明, 李夕海, 等. 基于小波包分解及AR模型的单通道地震波信号初至点检测[J]. 地球物理学报, 2005, 48(5): 1098-1102. (LIU Dai-zhi, WANG Ren-ming, LI Xi-hai, et al. Onset point identification of single-channel seismic signal based on wavelet packet and the AR model[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2005, 48(5): 1098-1102. (in Chinese))
[13] 吴招才, 刘天佑. 地震数据去噪中的小波方法[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2008, 23(2): 493-499. (WU Zhao-cai, LIU Tian-you. Wavelet transform methods in seismic data noise attenuation[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2008, 23(2): 493-499. (in Chinese))
[14] 金解放, 赵 奎, 王晓军, 等. 岩石声发射信号处理小波基选择的研究[J]. 矿业研究与开发, 2007, 27(2): 12-15. (JIN Jie-fang, ZHAO Kui, WANG Xiao-jun, et al. Study on selection of wavelet basis for processing of rock acoustic emission signal[J]. Mining R & D, 2007, 27(2): 12-15. (in Chinese))
[15] 林峰, 李庶林, 薛云亮, 等. 基于不同初值的微震源定位方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2010, 29(5): 996-1002. (LIN Feng, LI Shu-lin, XUE Yun-lian, et al. Microseismic sources location methods based on different initial values[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2010, 29(5): 996-1002. (in Chinese))
[16] 中国生, 徐国元, 赵建平. 基于小波变换的爆破地震信号阀值去噪的应用研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2005, 27(9): 1055-1059. (ZHONG Guo-sheng, XU Guo-yuan, ZHAO Jian-ping. Study and application of threshold de-noising in seismic signals of blasting based on wavelet transform[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2005, 27(9): 1055-1059. (in Chinese))
[17] 金 鑫, 沈珠江, 刘崇茹. MATLAB在土工试验数据处理中的应用[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2004, 26(2): 272-275. (JIN Xin, SHEN Zhu-jiang, LIU Chong-ru. Data processing of geotechnical experiment using MATLAB[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2004, 26(2): 272-275. (in Chinese))
[18] 胡静云, 林 峰, 彭府华, 等. 香炉山钨矿残采区地压灾害微震监测技术应用分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2010, 21(4): 109-115. (HU Jing-yun, LIN Feng, PENG Fu-hua, et al. Research on application of microseismic monitoring technology on ground pressure hazard of residual are in xianglushan tungsten mine[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2010, 21(4): 109-115. (in Chinese))
[19] 程超, 兰晓平, 吴水生, 等. 香炉山钨矿特大采空区地压微震监测技术应用研究[J]. 中国钨业, 2011, 26(5): 10-13. (CHENG Chao, LAN Xiao-ping, WU Shui-sheng, et al. On the microsesmic monitoring technology on the ground pressure in the large gob[J]. China Tungsten Industry, 2011, 26(5): 10-13. (in Chinese))
