Centrifugal model tests on formation mechanism of landslide-type debris flows of cohesiveless soils
ZHOU Jian1, 2, DU Qiang1, 2, LI Ye-xun3, ZHANG Jiao4
1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 3. The Second Engineering Company of CCCC Third Harbor Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200122, China; 4. Department of Civil Engineering and Transportation , Shanghai Polytechnic College, Shanghai 200432, China
Abstract：Using the self-developed visualization test apparatus, centrifuge model tests are carried out to study the macro-mesoscopic formation mechanism of typical landslide-type debris flows according to field tests on a debris flow. Based on the grain-size gradation of field tests and gravity ratio, the centrifugal model tests are carried out under 20g. The soil samples are made up by silt sands and fine sands. The formation mode and soil-water action mechanism of landslide-type debris flows are analyzed from the macroscopic and mesoscopic points of view respectively by using the HD digital imaging equipment and the mesoscopic structure analysis software Geodip. The test results indicate that the centrifugal model tests can reproduce the phenomenon of the field tests approximatively. The formation mode of landslide-type debris flows is gradually collapsed in form of retrogradation to sliding. The reason of the formation of landslide-type debris flows is the shear strength failure of the slope caused by the rise of the pore water pressure and the seepage on the floor resulted from the motion of the fine particles with migratation of pore water in the slope.
周健,杜强,李业勋,张姣. 无黏性土滑坡型泥石流形成机理的离心机模型试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(11): 2010-2017.
ZHOU Jian, DU Qiang, LI Ye-xun, ZHANG Jiao. Centrifugal model tests on formation mechanism of landslide-type debris flows of cohesiveless soils. Chinese J. Geot. Eng., 2014, 36(11): 2010-2017.
[1] 康志成, 李焯芬. 中国泥石流研究[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004. (KANG Zhi-cheng, LI Zhuo-fen. Debris flow research of China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2004. (in Chinese)) [2] 杨为民, 吴树仁, 张永双, 等. 降雨诱发坡面型泥石流形成机理[J]. 地学前缘, 2007, 14(6): 197-204. (YANG Wei-min, WU Shu-ren, ZHANG Yong-shuang, et al. Research on formation mechanism of the debris flow on slope induced by rainfall[J]. Earth Science Fronters, 2007, 14(6): 197-204. (in Chinese)) [3] ZHOU Jian, LI Ye-xun, ZHOU Kai-min, et al. Impact of permeability on failure mode of sandy debris flow[C]// International Conference on Advances in Geotechnical Engineering, Perth, Australia, 2011: 657-662. [4] 许 强. 四川省8·13特大泥石流灾害特点、成因与启示[J].工程地质学报, 2010, 18(5): 596-608. (XU Qiang. The 13 August 2010 catastrophic debris flows in Sichuan Province: characteristics, genetic mechanism and suggestions[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2010, 18(5): 596-608. (in Chinese)) [5] VINCENZO D, ZESCA M, MARCHI L. Field and laboratory investigations of runout distances of debris flows in the Dolomites (Eastern Italian Alps)[J]. Geomorphology. 2010, 115: 294-304. [6] 朱颖彦, 崔 鹏, 陈晓晴. 泥石流堆积体边坡失稳机理的试验与稳定性分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(21): 3927-3934. (ZHU Ying-yan, CUI Peng, CHEN Xiao-qing. Experiment on mechanism of slope failure of debris flow fan and stability analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(21): 3927-3934. (in Chinese)) [7] 陈晓清, 崔 鹏, 冯自立, 等. 滑坡转化泥石流起动的人工降雨试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2006, 25(1): 106-116. (CHEN Xiao-qing, CUI Peng, FENG Zi-li, et al. Artificial rainfall experimental study on landslide translation to debris flow[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(1): 106-116. (in Chinese)) [8] 李树德. 滑坡型泥石流形成机理[J]. 北京大学学报（自然科学版）, 1998, 34(4): 519-522. (LI Shu-de. Formation mechanism of the lanaslide-type debris flow[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 1998, 34(4): 519-522. (in Chinese)) [9] 冯自立, 崔 鹏, 何思明. 滑坡转化为泥石流机理研究综述[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2005, 14(3): 8-14. (FENG Zi-li, CUI Peng, HE Si-ming. Mechanism of conversion of landslides to debris flows[J]. Journal of Natural Disarsters, 2005, 14(3): 8-14. (in Chinese)) [10] ZHOU Jian, LI Ye-xun, JIA Min-cai, et al. Numerical simulation of failure behavior of granular debrisflows based on flume model tests[J/OL]. [2013-04-12]. http: //dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/603130. [11] 张 敏, 吴宏伟. 边坡离心模型试验中的降雨模拟研究岩土力学[J]. 岩土力学, 2007, 28(增刊1): 53-57. (ZHANG Min, WU Hong-wei. Rainfall simulation techniques in centrifuge modelling of slopes[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2007, 28(S1): 53-57. (in Chinese)) [12] 钱纪芸, 张 嘎, 张建民. 离心场中边坡降雨模拟系统的研制与应用[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2010, 32(6): 838-842. (QIAN Ji-yun, ZHANG Ga, ZHANG Jian-min. Development of rainfall simulation system for centrifugal model tests[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32(6): 838-842. (in Chinese)) [13] 钱纪芸, 张 嘎, 张建民. 降雨条件下土坡变形机制的离心模型试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2011, 32(2): 398-416. (QIAN Ji-yun, ZHANG Ga, ZHANG Jian-min. Centrifuge model tests for deformation mechanism of soil slope during rainfall[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanism, 2011, 32(2): 398-416. (in Chinese)) [14] MILNE F D, BROWN M J, KNAPPETT J A, et al. Centrifuge modelling of hillslope debris flow initiation[J]. Catena, 2012, 92: 162-171.
